恙蟲病是經由帶有立克次體的恙蟎幼蟲叮咬而感染；恙蟎幼蟲會停留於草叢中，伺機攀附到經過的動物或人身上，因此出入草叢而未做好保護措施，可能遭恙蟎叮咬感染的機會較高。
恙蟲病的潛伏期通常為9至12天，會出現持續性高燒、頭痛、淋巴結腫大等症狀，約發燒一週後，皮膚出現紅色斑狀丘疹，恙蟎叮咬處通常會出現無痛性焦痂，只要及時使用抗生素，大約2天就能緩解症狀，如未經妥適治療，死亡率可高達百分之六十，經治療死亡率小於百分之五。
【恙蟲病有哪些症狀？被恙蟲咬到皮膚會癢嗎？有後遺症嗎？
恙蟲病的潛伏期約為一到三週，通常在感染恙蟲病的第十天前後會出現高燒、頭痛、背痛、盜汗、惡寒、淋巴結腫大等症狀，而雖然部分患者在被恙蟲叮咬後會留下潰瘍性焦痂，但被恙蟲叮咬的傷口基本上不痛不癢，所以恙蟲病初期很容易和其它急性發熱疾病搞混，建議從山區回來後出現這些症狀的患者，在就醫時就要請醫生留意感染恙蟲病的風險。

【感染恙蟲病常見症狀】
高燒、頭痛、背痛、盜汗、惡寒、淋巴結腫大、焦痂

【預防恙蟲病4招】
1.穿著淺色長袖衣褲、手套、長筒襪及長靴等保護性衣物，將褲管紮入襪內
2.於皮膚裸露部位使用含DEET、Picaridin、IR3535防蚊藥劑
3.離開草叢後儘快沐浴並換洗衣物，避免恙蟎附著不自知
4..住宅附近、田埂有草叢區域需定期剷除雜草，以消除恙蟎孳生地

若出現上述恙蟲病疑似症狀，應儘速就醫並告知醫師旅遊史，特別是出入草叢等暴露史，以提供醫師臨床診治之參考。恙蟲病相關資訊請參閱疾管署全球資訊網（http://www.cdc.gov.tw）或撥打國內免費防疫專線1922（或0800-001922）洽詢。
★★★遇見獼猴三不原則：不餵食、不接觸、不干擾

行走時，切記食物(塑膠袋)不露白。食物暗藏好 獼猴不來擾

如遭受獼猴的侵擾或攻擊，請即刻通報：

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總機電話：07-5252000分機 6666、6667、專線07-5256666(值班室)
校安緊急通報：0911-705-999

【柴山彌猴身上有「蟲」 感染致

Scrub Typhus 恙蟲病

The Chinese idiom “Hope that you are free from scrub typhus” (別來無恙) is a greeting for health. As early as the Jin dynasty, Ge Hong had mentioned that the illness was prevalent in southern China, which was called the sand louse fever.

Scrub typhus, also known as bush typhus, is a febrile or exanthematous illness transmitted by "tsutsugamushi" and carries Orientia tsutsugamushi. An acute febrile ailment in which the host is infected with rickettsia after being bitten by the tsutsugamushi through its saliva. Rats are the most common hosts of scrub typhus.

Etiology

Specifically, scrub typhus is transmitted mainly through certain species of tsutsugamushi, especially Leptotrombidium deliense, or sand flea, which lives mainly in dense shrub vegetation. Other related varieties include L. akamushi, L. arenicola, L. fletcheri, L. pallidum, and L. pavlovsky. Once bitten, the tsutsugamushi leaves a distinctive black eschar on the skin, useful for doctors to diagnose.
Clinical Symptoms

Sudden, persistent high fever (39°C), headache, back pain, chills, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes, red maculopapular rashes on the skin one week later, and sometimes with pneumonia. A painless eschar appears on the bite of the tsutsugamushi.
The incubation period is usually 9-12 days, and about 50-80% of patients can find a black, ulcerative eschar at the bite of the tsutsugamushi, mostly painless, as well as local "lymph gland inflammation and enlargement."
Red maculopapular rashes appear on the trunk 4-5 days after fever, and then spread to the limbs and face. The symptom subsides 9 or 10 days later; headache or muscle pain, excessive sweating, conjunctival congestion, cough and gastrointestinal problems.
Complications

Without proper treatment, severe bleeding or intravascular coagulation may lead to decreased blood pressure, unconsciousness, pneumonia, encephalitis, myocarditis and other complications, or shock, with a mortality rate of 1-60%.
Prevention

The tsutsugamushi likes to grow on wet soil and on the tip of weeds. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, more than 2,000 cases of scrub typhus have been confirmed in Taiwan over the past five years. When people go outdoors or travel in high temperatures or after rain, they should avoid entering the grassy areas, and should wear long-sleeved tops and pants or apply insect repellents when necessary, so as to avoid being bitten. Seeak medical attention immediately if fever persists for 3 days.