【防疫宣導】諾羅病毒發威，請做好預防措施，落實生病儘量在家休息，不要去上學或上班 English educational notice on norovirus prevention and care
【防疫宣導】諾羅病毒發威，請做好預防措施，落實生病儘量在家休息，不要去上學或上班 English educational notice on norovirus prevention and care
諾羅病毒
台灣地區諾羅病毒主要流行季節為11月到3月間，高峰期為1月份。諾羅病毒則是任何年齡層皆可能受到感染。諾羅病毒常於人口密集機構內，例如：學校、醫院、收容機構和安養機構等爆發流行。
Q:傳播方式
A:1.食入被諾羅病毒污染的食物或飲水。
2.接觸被諾羅病毒污染的物體表面病人之排泄物、嘔吐物等，再接觸自己的嘴、鼻或眼睛黏膜傳染。
諾羅病毒只須極少的病毒量便可傳播，因此若病患嘔吐時在場，嘔吐物可能形成飛沫，若吸入飛沫也可受感染。
Q:潛伏期:
A:一般為24至48小時，有些在12小時內即出現症狀。
Q:發病症狀
A:諾羅病毒感染引起之症狀主要為噁心、嘔吐、腹瀉、腹絞痛，也可能合併發燒，倦怠、頭痛、及肌肉酸痛。一般而言，小朋友的嘔吐症狀較明顯。症狀多會持續1至2天，之後就會逐漸痊癒。
Q:諾羅病毒傳染力
A:諾羅病毒的傳染力非常強，可藉由排泄物或嘔吐物人傳人。有些人感染恢復後二星期內，其糞便內尚有病毒，仍然具有感染力。
Q:預防方法
A:1.經常洗手可以降低感染的機會，飯前便後及烹調食物前皆應洗手，其他方式也可預防進一步的傳播，例如：消毒被污染物體的表面、清洗被污染的衣物、避免食用可能被污染的食物或飲水、儘可能熟食及飲用煮沸的開水，
2.馬桶、門把等器物表面如被污染，應用20cc漂白水加1公升清水(1,000 ppm)擦拭；處理患者嘔吐物及排泄物前應戴上手套與口罩，並用100cc漂白水加1公升清水(5,000 ppm)消毒清理。
3.每日以稀釋漂白水（1,000ppm）作教室、公共空間和住家區域(含寢室)之常規消毒方式，另應加強常接觸區域或物品表面之清潔頻率；倘有疫情發生，清潔頻率應提高至每日至少2次以上並有紀錄。
4.病患污染的衣物、床單應立即更換，環境（如：馬桶、門把）和器物表面如被汙染應用漂白水擦拭（1000ppm）；處理患者糞便、嘔吐物前應戴上手套與口罩，用漂白水消毒（5000ppm）後再沖入下水道，並澈底洗手；有症狀者（尤其是餐飲業廚工）應停止處理食物，儘速就醫在家休息，並於症狀解除至少48小時後才可上班。
5.如有疑似症狀請應在家休息，至症狀解除至少48小時後再恢復上學或工作，以免傳染給他人造成群聚情形。如需外出應佩戴口罩，避免傳染他人。
6.有關預防諾羅病毒的衛教事項，請參閱學務處 諮商與健康促進組網頁或相疾管署全球資訊網(https://www.cdc.gov.tw)或撥打免付費防疫專線1922(或0800-001922)洽詢。
Norovirus: Prevention and Care Guidelines
What is Norovirus?
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, leading to inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is a common cause of foodborne illness and can affect individuals of all ages.
Symptoms of Norovirus Infection:
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramps
• Fever
• Chills
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue
Symptoms typically appear 24 to 48 hours after exposure and can last from 1 to 10 days, depending on the individual’s health and the severity of the infection. Young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems may experience more severe symptoms.
Norovirus infectivity
Norovirus is highly contagious and can be spread from person to person through excrement or vomit. Some people still have the virus in their feces two weeks after recovering from infection and are still infectious.
To reduce the risk of disease transmission, wash your hands thoroughly with soap after using the toilet and before eating or preparing food.
Classrooms, public spaces, and residential areas (including dormitories) should be routinely disinfected with diluted bleach (1,000 ppm) daily. The frequency of cleaning of frequently touched areas or surfaces should also be increased. If an epidemic occurs, the cleaning frequency should be increased to at least twice a day and records should be kept.
If you have suspected symptoms, please rest at home and wait at least 48 hours after the symptoms are relieved before returning to school or work to avoid infecting others and causing a gathering. If you need to go out, you should wear a mask to avoid infecting others.
台灣地區諾羅病毒主要流行季節為11月到3月間，高峰期為1月份。諾羅病毒則是任何年齡層皆可能受到感染。諾羅病毒常於人口密集機構內，例如：學校、醫院、收容機構和安養機構等爆發流行。
Q:傳播方式
A:1.食入被諾羅病毒污染的食物或飲水。
2.接觸被諾羅病毒污染的物體表面病人之排泄物、嘔吐物等，再接觸自己的嘴、鼻或眼睛黏膜傳染。
諾羅病毒只須極少的病毒量便可傳播，因此若病患嘔吐時在場，嘔吐物可能形成飛沫，若吸入飛沫也可受感染。
Q:潛伏期:
A:一般為24至48小時，有些在12小時內即出現症狀。
Q:發病症狀
A:諾羅病毒感染引起之症狀主要為噁心、嘔吐、腹瀉、腹絞痛，也可能合併發燒，倦怠、頭痛、及肌肉酸痛。一般而言，小朋友的嘔吐症狀較明顯。症狀多會持續1至2天，之後就會逐漸痊癒。
Q:諾羅病毒傳染力
A:諾羅病毒的傳染力非常強，可藉由排泄物或嘔吐物人傳人。有些人感染恢復後二星期內，其糞便內尚有病毒，仍然具有感染力。
Q:預防方法
A:1.經常洗手可以降低感染的機會，飯前便後及烹調食物前皆應洗手，其他方式也可預防進一步的傳播，例如：消毒被污染物體的表面、清洗被污染的衣物、避免食用可能被污染的食物或飲水、儘可能熟食及飲用煮沸的開水，
2.馬桶、門把等器物表面如被污染，應用20cc漂白水加1公升清水(1,000 ppm)擦拭；處理患者嘔吐物及排泄物前應戴上手套與口罩，並用100cc漂白水加1公升清水(5,000 ppm)消毒清理。
3.每日以稀釋漂白水（1,000ppm）作教室、公共空間和住家區域(含寢室)之常規消毒方式，另應加強常接觸區域或物品表面之清潔頻率；倘有疫情發生，清潔頻率應提高至每日至少2次以上並有紀錄。
4.病患污染的衣物、床單應立即更換，環境（如：馬桶、門把）和器物表面如被汙染應用漂白水擦拭（1000ppm）；處理患者糞便、嘔吐物前應戴上手套與口罩，用漂白水消毒（5000ppm）後再沖入下水道，並澈底洗手；有症狀者（尤其是餐飲業廚工）應停止處理食物，儘速就醫在家休息，並於症狀解除至少48小時後才可上班。
5.如有疑似症狀請應在家休息，至症狀解除至少48小時後再恢復上學或工作，以免傳染給他人造成群聚情形。如需外出應佩戴口罩，避免傳染他人。
6.有關預防諾羅病毒的衛教事項，請參閱學務處 諮商與健康促進組網頁或相疾管署全球資訊網(https://www.cdc.gov.tw)或撥打免付費防疫專線1922(或0800-001922)洽詢。
Norovirus: Prevention and Care Guidelines
What is Norovirus?
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, leading to inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is a common cause of foodborne illness and can affect individuals of all ages.
Symptoms of Norovirus Infection:
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Stomach cramps
• Fever
• Chills
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue
Symptoms typically appear 24 to 48 hours after exposure and can last from 1 to 10 days, depending on the individual’s health and the severity of the infection. Young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems may experience more severe symptoms.
Norovirus infectivity
Norovirus is highly contagious and can be spread from person to person through excrement or vomit. Some people still have the virus in their feces two weeks after recovering from infection and are still infectious.
To reduce the risk of disease transmission, wash your hands thoroughly with soap after using the toilet and before eating or preparing food.
Classrooms, public spaces, and residential areas (including dormitories) should be routinely disinfected with diluted bleach (1,000 ppm) daily. The frequency of cleaning of frequently touched areas or surfaces should also be increased. If an epidemic occurs, the cleaning frequency should be increased to at least twice a day and records should be kept.
If you have suspected symptoms, please rest at home and wait at least 48 hours after the symptoms are relieved before returning to school or work to avoid infecting others and causing a gathering. If you need to go out, you should wear a mask to avoid infecting others.
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